World literature history in North Korea (book)
We translated the index of the book Past and Present World Literature (세계 문학의 어제와 오늘), Pyongyang, 2011
-EUROPE -
I. Literature from Ancient Greece and Rome
On the concept of antiquity
Characteristics of literature from Ancient Rome and Greece
1. Ancient Greek literature
1) Greek literature, rooted on mythology and legends
Literature in the formative period of the slavery system
Homer´s period
Period of lyric poetry
Aesop’s fables
Literature in the peak period of the slavery system
Period of tragedy and comedy
The emergence of prose
Literature in the Hellenistic period and Greece as a Roman province
Plutarch. Parallel lives
The emergence of novel
2) Mythology and legends
3) Homer’s two epic poems
Homer’s problem
The Troy war and related legends
Plot of Iliad
Plot of Odysey
Artistic and ideological characteristics of the two poems
Homer’s poetry and Schliemann
The transmission. The printing problem
4) Tragedy and comedy
The emergence of tragedy. Aeschylus, Sophocles and Euripides’s tragedies
The emergence of tragedy
Aeschylus
Prometheus Bound
Euripides
Medea
Sophocles
Oedipus Rex
The emergence of comedy. Aristophanes
The emergence of comedy
Aristophanes’s comedies
2. Ancient Roman literature
1) Ancient Roman literature and its development based on Greek literature
Literature during the Republic
Literature during the Empire
2) Dramatic literature
Plautus’ comedies
Terence’s comedies
3) Poetry
Lucretius
Virgil
Aeneid
Horace
Ovid
4) Prose
Oratory, history, epistolary novel
The emergence of artistic prose
II. Medieval literature in Europe
1) Medieval European literature, dyed with the color of the religious system
On the concept of the Middle Ages
Characteristics of literature from medieval Europe
Monastic literature
Chivalric romance
Popular oral literature
The legacy of heroic epic poems
Citizen’s literature
The Period of Transition
2) French literature
Song of Roland
Reynard the Fox
3) British literature
Beowulf
Robin Hood
Chaucer. The Canterbury Tales
4) German literature
German chivalric literature
Song of the Nibelungs
5) Spanish literature
Song of My Cid
6) Italian literature and Dante
Dante and the epic poem Divine Comedy
Dante’s life and literature
Divine Comedy
7) Literature from Northern and Eastern Europe
Northern European literature
Prose Edda
Skald
Sagas
Eastern European literature
The Tale of Igor's Campaign
III. Renaissance literature in Europe
1) European literature from centuries 14-16, developed on the basis of anti-feudal struggle the creative activity of the people
Renaissance literature
Reformation literature
Humanism
Humanist literature
The archetype of humanist literature in Western European countries
2) Italian literature
1) Literature in Italy, homeland to the European Renaissance
Petrarch
Ludovico Ariosto
Torquato Tasso
Campanella’s The City of the Sun
2) Boccaccio’s Decameron
3) French literature
1) French Renaissance literature: a strong aristocratic character and stuck to the Reformation movement
Marguerite de Navarre
Heptaméron
La Pléiade. Ronsard
Michelle de Montaigne. Essays
2) Rabelais: Gargantua and Pantagruel
Gargantua and Pantagruel
4) British literature
1) British Renaissance literature: standing out in dramatic literature with a bourgeois character
Cristopher Marlowe
Ben Jonson
Edmund Spenser
More´s Utopia
2) Shakespeare’s plays
Shakespeare’s life and literature
Shakespeare’s comedies
The Merchant of Venice
Twelfth Night
Shakespeare’s tragedies
Romeo and Juliet
Othello
Hamlet
Othello
5) Spanish literature
Theatre
Lope de Vega
Calderón
Novel
Picaresque novel
1) A distinct literature resulting from the fusion of religious and medieval elements with popular ideology
2) Cervantes and Don Quixote
IV. European literature in the 17 and 18 centuries
Historical background
The archetype of literary evolution in several countries
1) Classicism, Enlightenment, sentimentalism
Classicist literature
Enlightenment literature
Sentimentalist literature
2) French literature
1) Classicist French literature and Molière
Classicist literature in France
Pierre Corneille
Jean Racine
De La Fontaine
Molière
Life and literature
Tartuffe
The Miser
2) French Enlightenment literature and Voltaire, Diderot, Rousseau
Montesquieu
Beaumarchais
French Enlightenment literature
Voltaire
Life and literature
Candide
Diderot
Life and literature
Rameau’s nephew
Rousseau
Life and literature
Julie; or, The New Heloise
Emile, or On Education
3) British literature
1) British literature in the 17th century and Milton
Characteristics of this period’s literature
British literature in the 17th century
John Bunyan
Milton and his epic poem Paradise Lost
2) British literature in the 18th century: Defoe, Swift
British literature in the 18th century
Characteristics of this period
Characteristics of this period’s literature
British Enlightenment literature
Richardson
Henry Fielding
Smollett
British sentimentalist literature
Robert Burns
Defoe, Robinson Crusoe
Swift, Gulliver´s Travels
Gulliver’s Travels
4) German literature
1) German literature in the 17th century
Simplicius Simplicissimus
2) Enlightenment literature in 18th century Germany: Goethe, Schiller
Historical background
Early enlightenment literature
Lessing
The Sturm und Drang movement
Enlightenment literature in 18th century Germany
Schiller and theatre
Life and literature
The Robbers
William Tell
Goethe and Faust
The Sorrows of Young Werther
Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship
Faust
5) Northern and Eastern European literature
Northern European literature
Holberg
Eastern European Literature
Ignacy Krasicki
Russian literature
Lomonosov
Radishchev
V. European literature in the 19th century
1. A development through the shift between progressive Romanticism and Critic Realism
Historical background
Progressive romantic literature
Critical realism literature
Revolutionary democratic literature
Proletarian literature
Bourgeois ideas in literature
2. French literature
1. Novel, predominant over poetry in French literature
2. Romantic literature. Victor Hugo
Hugo and Les Miserables
George Sand (Aurore Lucile Dupin)
Dumas (father)
3. French critic realism. Stendhal, Balzac, Flaubert, Zola, Maupaussant
Stendhal. The Red and the Black
Balzac and the series The Human Comedy
Père Goriot
Flaubert and Madame Bovary
Zola and the series Les Rougon-Macquart
Germinal
Maupaussant’s novels
A Woman´s Life
Mérimée
Daudet
4. Literature in the Paris Commune. Pottier
Eugène Pottier. L’Internationale
3. British literature
1) Home to many famous poets and novelists
2) Romantic British literature. Byron, Shelley
Walter Scott
Byron’s epic poem Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage
Shelley and poetry
3) British critic realism. Dickens, Thackeray, Hardy
Dickens. Dombey and Son
Thackeray. Vanity Fair
Hardy. Tess of the d'Urbervilles
4) Chartist literature
4. German literature
1) The development of progressive German literature against the prevailing reactionary romanticism
2) Romantic literature in Germany
Chamisso
3) Democratic revolutionary literature in Germany and Heine
Weerth
Heine
The Silesian Wavers
Germany. A Winter's Tale
5. Literature from other European countries
1) The literary legacy of other European countries
2) Italian literature
Manzoni
Leopardi
Giovagnoli
The verismo
Verga
3) Spanish literature
Espronceda
Pérez Galdós
6. Russian literature
1) A literature stuck to progressive social movements for a modern development
2) Romantic literature in Russia
The October movement
The Young Monk
3) Critical realism in Russia. Pushkin, Gogol, Chernyshevsky, Lev Tolstoy, Chekhov
Pushkin’s poetry and novels
Eugene Onegin
The Captain’s daughter
Gogol’s novel Dead Souls
Chernyshevsky’s novel What is to be Done?
Tolstoy’s literature
Characteristics of Tolstoy’s critical realism
War and Peace
Anna Karenina
Resurrection
Chekhov’s short stories and plays
The Man in a Case
The Cherry Orchard
Lermontov
Belinsky
Nekrasov
Turgenev
Dostoyevsky
7. Eastern European literature
1) Firmly walking in the road of modern literature
2) Polish literature. Mickiewicz, Sienkiewicz
3) Bulgarian literature. Vazov
Botev
Vazov
4) Hungarian literature. Petőfi
Arany
Petőfi
8. Northern European literature
1) The full-scale development of national literature
2) Norwegian literature. Ibsen
Bjørnson
Ibsen’s A Doll’s House
3) Danish literature. Andersen
Andersen
VI. European literature in the 20th century
1. The development of socialist realism together with critical realism
2. Russian literature
Historical background
Socialist realism
Critical realism
Bourgeois ideas in literature
1) Soviet literature and its formidable achievements in socialist realism
2) Narrative. Gorki, A. Tolstoy, N. Ostrovsky, Fadeyev, Sholokhov
Gorki’s novel The Mother
Alexey Tolstoy’s novel The Road to Calvary
N. Ostrovsky’s novel How the Steel was Tempered
Fadeyev’s novel The Young Guard
Sholokhov’s novel And Quiet Flows the Don
Serafimovich
Furmanov
Fedin
Leonov
Polevoy
Chakovsky
Markov
Bondarev
Karpov
Gorbachev´s epic poem General Kim Il Sung
Brezhnev´s epic poem General Kim Jong Il
3) Poetry. Mayakovsky
Mayakovsky’s poetry
Vladimir Ilych Lenin
4) Theater. Vishnevsky
Pogodin´s Lenin Trilogy
Sofronov’s Succession
Vishnevsky’s play An Optimistic Tragedy
3. Eastern European literature
1) Development of socialist realism after the II World War
Sadoveanu
Polianov
Zalka Máté
2) Literature from the former Czechoslovakia. Čapek. Olbracht
Čapek
Olbracht
Anna Proletářka
3) Polish literature. Reymont. Iwaszkiewicz
Reymont
The Peasants
Iwaszkiewicz
4. German literature
1) An arduous development: fascistization, fragmentation and literature
2) Critical realism in Germany: Heinrich and Thomas Mann
Heinrich Mann´s novel The Loyal Subject
Thomas Mann’s novel The Buddenbrook
Gerhart Hauptmann
Remarque
Rinser
Böll
Grün
Grass
3) Socialist realism: Anna Seghers
Anna Segher’sm novel The Seventh Cross
Bredel
Brecht
Becher
5. French literature
1) A fierce contrast between progressive and reactionary literature
2) Critical realism in France. Rolland
Romain Rolland’s novel The Enchanted Soul
Anatole France
Martin du Gard
Duhamel
3) Socialist realism in France. Aragon.
Aragon’s novel The Communists
Henri Barbusse
Éluard
Stil
6. British literature
1) Reactionarization and decadentization under the influence of bourgeois literature
2) Critical socialism in British literature: Voynich, Shaw
Voynich’s novel The Gadfly
Shaw’s plays
Galsworthy
Wells
James Aldridge
3) Socialist realism in Britain, Ireland, Australia
Sean O'Casey
Jack Lindsey
7. Other Western European literatures
1) Achievements in the development of national literatures
2) Italian literature. Pratolini
Neorealism
Alberto Moravia
Pratolini
3) Spanish literature. García Lorca
Blasco Ibáñez
García Lorca
8. Northern European literature
-AMERICA -
I. Latin American literature
1. Latin American literature in the 16-19th century
1) A literature stuck to the struggle against colonial rule
16-18th century
Historical context
Literary legacy
19th century
Historical context
Literary legacy
2) Cuban literature
The development of a national literature in the hotchpotch of native Cuban, black African and Spanish cultures
Domingo del Monte
José María Heredia
Plácido (Gabriel de la Concepción Valdés)
Gertrudis Gómez Avellaneda
Ramón Meza
Villaverde´s novel Cecilia Valdés
José Martí and his poetry
3) Mexican literature
A distinct development of national literature from the 18th century
Juana Inés de la Cruz
Ignacio Manuel Altamirano
Xicoténcatl
Lizardi´s novel El Periquillo Sarniento
4) Brazilian literature
The path away from imitation of the metropoli towards a national literature
Tomás António Gonzaga
José de Alencar
Machado de Assis
Castro Alves’ poetry
5) Literature from other Latin American countries
Literary legacy from other Latin American countries
Inca Garcilaso de la Vega
Apu-Ollantai (quechua)
Andrés Bello
José Joaquín Olmedo
Esteban Echeverría
Jorge Isaacs
Juan León Mera
Domingo Sarmiento
Hernández´s epic poem Martín Fierro
2. Latin American literature in the 20th century
Historical context
Literary legacy
1) A mirror of the people’s awakening and struggle
2) Cuban literature
Critical realist poetry
Proletarian literature
Post-Revolution literature
Bertillón 166
Para barrer a los chacales
La última mujer y el próximo combate
Maestra voluntaria
Guillén´s poetry
Carpentier´s novel Explosion in a Cathedral (The Age of Enlightenment)
3) Literature from Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean
A mirror of the native people´s life and struggle
El Indio (Gregorio López y Fuentes)
The explosion (Mauricio Magdaleno)
The Sterile Cloud (Antonio Rodríguez)
Azuela’s novel The Underdogs
Guatemala: Asturias’ novels The Banana Trilogy
4) Brazilian literature
A birthplace of socialist realism writers in the struggle against bourgeois literary ideas
Euclides da Cunha
José Lins do Rego
Graciliano Ramos
Amado’s novels The Bowels of Liberty
5) Literature from other Latin American countries
Literary legacy of these countries in the 20th century
José Eustasio Rivera´s The Vortex
Jorge Icaza´s Huasipungo
Miguel Otero Silva´s The Five People who Kept Silence
Gallego’s novel Doña Bárbara
Valera´s novel The Dark River
Pablo Neruda´s epic poem General Song
García Márquez´s novel One Hundred Years of Solitude
II. North American literature
1. 19th century
1) Canadian literature
Literature in English
Literature in French
2) Literature from the USA
Literary legacy within a bloody and cursed history
Bourgois trends
Romantic literature
Critical realism
Whitman’s poems Leaves of Grass
Mark Twain’s novel Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
2. 20th century
1) Canadian literature
In English
In French
2) Literature from the USA
Criticizing US imperialism, ringleader of today’s imperialism
Bourgeois trends
Proletarian literature
Critical realism
Jack London’s novel The Iron Heel
Dreiser’s novel An American Tragedy
Hemingway’s novels For Whom the Bell Tolls, The Old Man and the Sea
-STORIES AND GENERAL KNOWLEDGE-
Ancient Greece
Ancient Greek culture
Greek mythology, European literature and culture
Main gods in Greek mythology
Other gods in Greek mythology
Zeus
Hera
Aphrodite
Athene
Hephaestus
Demeter
Prometheus, who gave fire to humanity
Heracles
Hesiod
Aesop’s wit
Countryside Mouse, City Mouse
The Elephant without a Heart
The Rabbit and the Turtle
Athens the City-State
Sparta the City-State
Tower of Babel
The Temple of Artemise
The Palace of Knossos
The Acropolis
The State of Macedonia
Ancient Rome
Spartacus’ slave uprising
The Caesars
Cleopatra the 7th
Caesars Nero and Claudius
Christianism
Jesus
Basic Sanctification of Christianism by Jesus Christ
Foundation of the early Christian communities
Christian clerics
Cardinal, archbishop and bishop, priest, father, elder of church, deacon, pastor, missionary,
Christian holidays
Christmas, Christmas tree, Santa Claus
Easter
Lent
Carnival
Sects within Christianism
Roman Catholicism
Eastern Orthodoxy
Protestantism
The Frankish Kingdom
The Holy Roman Empire
The Crusades
The young hero Joan of Arc
“You are a prodigy” (Dante)
Dante and Beatrice
Galileo
“E pur si muove”
Columbus
Columbus´egg
Magellan
Vasco da Gama
Marco Polo
The erudite and the lamp’s oil
Queen Elizabeth 1
Iago, the incarnation of disloyalty
La Fountaine’s fables
The cicada and the ant
The fox and the grapes
The dhole, the mother goat and the baby goat
The mice meeting
The French State and La Marselleise
Long life to Figaro!
Brutus, a contributor to the bourgeois revolution in France
Cinderella
Oliver Cromwell
Bunyan: from tinker to writer
Burn’s poetry
John Barleycorn
Stowe, a black man’s mother
Frances Hodgson Burnett’s The Young Noble
The origin of the Mississippi river
Why was Gone with the Wind written?
Pearl S. Buck’s
The Good Earth
Hemingway: “I wrote standing up”
Normal Mailer
Tony Morrison, the first black woman to receive the Literature Nobel Prize
Nonfiction
The Beat Generation
Postmodernism
North American “indians”
The largest celebration of the Inca
New ethnicities arisen from colonialism: mestizo, mulato, zambo, creole,
Bolívar
José de San Martín
Che Guevara
William Faulkner
Derek Walcott, Literature Nobel Prize winner in 1992
Aconcagua, the highest mountain in America
Contadora, the island of pearls
Martinique, the island where people grow taller
The story behind potatoes
The Amazon(as) river
The West Indies archipelago
The Titikaka lake
The Salto del Ángel, named after a pilot
The Gold Museum (Bogotá)
The Observatory of Chichen Itzá
Colombian writer Néstor Malo and the first literary work telling the truth about the Korean War
Cusco archeological site
Machu Picchu, a famous archeological site of the Inca
The Tiwanaku archeological site
The moai statues
Iguazu, the World´s widest waterfall
Naipaul, Nobel Prize Winner in 2001
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